Basices of biogas plant

                      Renewable Energy

BIOGASS PLANT:-

INTRODUCTION:-

A biogas plant is a set of some instrument and container that is used to extract the biogas(methane) from organic material under anaerobic condition for the purpose of heat energy or electricity

Biogas:-

Biogas is the mixture of many gases such as methane (CH4),carbon dioxide(CO2), hydrogen sulphate(H2S),and other

produced under anaerobic reaction .It is renewable resource of energy that is used for cooking food , electricity and running vechile and many more .

               Simple biogas plant

An anaerobic digester can also be somehow called as a biogas plant .It is an efficient way to utilize the organic waste and in addition it also gives manure for farmlands
It can be of different shape size and structure but the fundamental will always be the same i.e It is just to degrade the organic substance for the production of methane gas . It uses cow dung ,maize slaidge and some times even the sewage waste (LFW).
Anaerobic microorganism are responsible for the conversion of biogas from biodegradable waste .
The high quality of biogas can be produced when waste water is co-fermented with residual form dairy industry,suger industry
,and brewery industry.

FOR EXAMPLE:-10% of cow dung and 90% of beer waste water increase 2.5 times the gas production then beer waste water only.

COMPOSITION:-

TYPICAL COMPOSITION OF BIOGAS:-

COMPOUND          FORMULA          (%)

1)Methane                 CH4                    50-75

2)Carbon dioxide       CO2                   25-50
3)Nitrogen                   N2                      0-10
4)hydrogen                  H2                       0-1
5)Hydrogen sulphate H2S                    0.1-0.5
6)Oxygen                       O2                      0-0.5

The composition of the biogas can be vary due to various chemical or physical or any other factor

FOR EXAMPLE:-

It can be affected by temperature ,pH value 

and composition of substrate and many more other reason.

COMPOSITION OF BIOGAS:-

1)INLET

2)OUTLET

3)DIGESTER

4)GAS HOLDER

1}INLET AND OUTLET:-

The inlet (feed) outlet (discharge) pipes lead to the digester at a low angle for the greater flow of the slurry.For the liquid slurry the pipe width should be 10-20cm.

DIGESTER:-

Digester is the part of the biogas plant in which all the waste product is stored and it is the place where the fermentation occurs by anaerobic bacteria.

It is connected with the two pipes that are connected with the inlet and outlet.

GAS HOLDER:-

Gas Holder is the part that is above the digester used to collect the biogas formed by the fermentation of the waste material in the digester it is connected to the outer pipeline for the supply of the biogas plant .