KHARIF CROPS:- Maize crops.

September 01, 2019

KHARIF CROPS:- Maize crops.

Maize

Command name: maize

Botanical name-:-Zea mays

Kingdom:plantae

Clade:angiosperm

Clade:monocot

Clade:commilinides

Order:poales

Family:poaceae

Genus:Zays

Species:Z. mays

Origien:-

Maize, is a cereal grain first domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 10,000 years ago.

Distribution:-

The predominant maize growing states that contributes more than 80 % of the total maize production are Andhra Pradesh (20.9 %), Karnataka (16.5 %), Rajasthan (9.9 %), Maharashtra (9.1 %), Bihar (8.9 %), Uttar Pradesh (6.1 %), Madhya Pradesh (5.7 %), Himachal Pradesh (4.4 %).

Seed rate/hactare:-

Whatever the case, the minimum plant population for maize is 36,000 plantsper ha. A seed rate of about 25 kg/hais required, but this depends on theseed size. 10 kg is enough to plant 1acre and 5 kg for half an acre. Smallseed will go further, and give equal germination and yield performance as large seed.

Spacing:-

For good growth and development, maize should be plantedat the right spacing. The recommended spacing is 75cm between rows and 25cm for plants. The planting holes should be about 5cm deep. The right spacing ensures good crop growth, makes it easier to weed and reduces the spread of pests and diseases.

Variety:-

Pioneer Brand Corn Hybrids

1)31Y45: -

It is the first true spring corn hybrid launched in India. It is an ideal hybrid for sowing between the months of January and March in North India. 31Y45 responds positively to higher plant population per acre enabling very high yield of grain or green cobs.

2)P3396 :-

It is a very high yielding hybrid of Kharif & Rabi season and has a unique plant structure that makes it to respond higher populations. It also has very good standability which is required in the markets of Bihar & Coastal AP.

3)P3501 :-

It is a medium maturity high yielding kharif hybrid, with big cobs & highest shelling percentage. It has got very good volume weight. It’s a notified hybrid.

4)P3502 :-

This hybrid is a kharif hybrid which offers excellent stress tolerance because of its deep root characteristics & it also has excellent cob and grain attributes. It’s a notified hybrid.

5)P3546: -

A leafy disease tolerant hybrid with fatty cobs translating to high yields. Suitable for Kharif & Rabi seasons.

6)30V92: -

The hybrid plants have strong stalks and a prolific root system that gives the crop excellent standability. Its unique plant canopy traps maximum sun energy and makes this hybrid suitable for growing at high plant population.

7)P3377: -

It is an early maturity hybrid with high shelling percentage and good stress tolerance. Suitable for rain-fed conditions.

8)P1844: -

New early maturity spring hybrid. Responds well to high population, with big size uniform cobs.

9)P3401: -

New kharif high yielding hybrid, with uniform long cobs and high shelling percentage which has very good yield potential.

10)P1855 :-

Spring highest yielding hybrid, with good population response, high shelling percentage & test weight.

11)P3436: -

New Kharif rainfed hybrid, with very good leafy disease tolerance, has got big cobs & excellent grain color. This hybrid is suitable for Karnataka market.

12)P3522 :-

A Rabi hybrid of Bihar & WB which has set the benchmarks for highest yields, because of double cobs on (20%-40%) plant and high shelling percentage. It has got very good grain storability. It is also a notified hybrid

13)P3533 :

A Rabi high yielding hybrid for Bihar & WB which has big & uniform cobs, low grain moisture & attractive grain color.

14)P3441 :-

A Kharif rainfed hybrid, with very good adoptability which makes it to perform across the country. It has very good stress tolerance, big cobs & excellent grain color. It is also a notified hybrid.

Climate:-

In India Maize cultivation mainly take before monsoon start and it is the Kharif crop. The maize crop generally, grows under temperatures between 22°C to 30°C and its maximum tolerates as 35°C temperatures. In a year maize crop requires at least 50 to 90 cm of rainfall.

Fertilisers:-

135:62.5:50 NPK kg/ha,
ZnSO4 at 37.5 kg/ha.

Yield:-

Under irrigated conditions and recommended cultural practices, an average yield of 4 tonnes per hectarein the Indo-Gangetic Plains is not uncommon; in peninsular India and at higher elevations, a mean yield of 5-7 tonnes per hectare has frequently been obtained.